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What Is Child Development ?
The process of mastering certain basic skills like speech, movements, mental growth, coordination, multi-tasking, social interaction is called child development. |
Every child who is born goes through a certain set of milestones like learning to crawl, sit up, walk, talk, memorize, recognize, and listen. The timeline during which children normally learn these basic skills are predictable though it can very slightly depending on the individual.
The focus of child development broadly includes the following:
- Cognitive Skills: This deals with the ability to solve problems suitable for a particular age. For example, a two year old child solves jigsaw puzzles involving about 5 to 6 pieces. When he reaches 5 years, he can solve certain types of math problems.
- Social interaction and emotional growth: This refers to the ability of the child to interact with other people. It could involve relatives, social circle, friends and peers. Skills like independence, confidence, self-control and expressions fall into this category. An infant smiling when he recognizes a face, a one-year old baby waving his hands to tell a good-bye, a five-year old boy standing patiently in a queue are some of the classic examples of this category
- Speech and Language: Children learn to speak at a very young age. Initially, they start expressing through funny sounds. They then speak in broken words until they learn to express their emotions or desires in a complete sentence. This skill also includes comprehending a language or an instruction.
- Fine motor skills: The child starts doing tasks with small muscles and joints. Picking up objects, turning pages neatly, holding a spoon, using crayons are some examples of fine motor skills
- Gross Motor Skills: The child uses larger muscles to do tasks. Sitting up and skipping are examples of gross motor skills
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